منابع مشابه
TGF-β in tolerance, development and regulation of immunity
The TGF-β superfamily is an ancient metazoan protein class which cuts across cell and tissue differentiation, developmental biology and immunology. Its many members are regulated at multiple levels from intricate control of gene transcription, post-translational processing and activation, and signaling through overlapping receptor structures and downstream intracellular messengers. We have been...
متن کاملIn vivo endotoxin tolerance
Endotoxin tolerance is defined as a reduced responsiveness to a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge following a first encounter with endotoxin. Endotoxin tolerance protects against a lethal challenge of LPS and prevents infection and ischemia-reperfusion damage. Endotoxin tolerance is paralleled by a dramatic reduction of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) production and some other cytokines in respons...
متن کاملMechanisms of Endotoxin Tolerance
Healthy male volunteers were rendered tolerant to the pyrogenic and toxic activities of bacterial endotoxin by daily intravenous injections. Five subjects were given 0.5 microg Salmonella typhosa endotoxin for 7 days; four subjects were given Pseudomonas endotoxin, increasing over a period of 30 days from 25 to 250 microg. Reticuloendothelial system (RES) phagocytic activity was assessed by ser...
متن کاملFOXP3 and TGF-β Gene Polymorphisms in Allergic Rhinitis
Background: Regulatory CD4+T (Treg) cells are effective in maintaining immune tolerance. Objective: To investigate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of Transforming Growth Factor β-1 (TGF-β1) and Forkhead Box Protein 3 (FOXP3) genes in Iranian patients with allergic rhinitis (AR). Methods: Variations at codons 10 and 25 of TGF-β1 and FOXP3 at positions -3279 A>C and -924 A>G were evaluated...
متن کاملTGF - β signaling *
TGF-β superfamily ligands play fundamental roles in the development and physiology of diverse animal species. Genetic and genomic analyses in the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans have contributed to the understanding of TGF-β-related signal transduction mechanisms. In this chapter, I describe the currently characterized TGF-β-related signals and signal transduction cassettes in C. elegans....
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Immunity
سال: 2004
ISSN: 1074-7613
DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2004.07.014